Hackers Exploiting Three-Year-Old FortiGate Vulnerability to Bypass 2FA on Firewalls
A vulnerability in Fortinet FortiGate firewalls, identified as CVE-2020-12812, is actively being exploited by cybercriminals. This flaw, initially patched in July 2020, allows attackers to bypass two-factor authentication (2FA) and gain unauthorized…
A vulnerability in Fortinet FortiGate firewalls, identified as CVE-2020-12812, is actively being exploited by cybercriminals. This flaw, initially patched in July 2020, allows attackers to bypass two-factor authentication (2FA) and gain unauthorized access to Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and administrative consoles.
The Fortinet Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) has reported ongoing attacks exploiting this vulnerability and has advised administrators to audit their configurations immediately.
The issue arises from a case sensitivity mismatch in username handling between FortiGate devices and LDAP directories, such as Active Directory. While FortiGate treats usernames as case-sensitive, most LDAP servers do not. This discrepancy can be exploited if local FortiGate users with 2FA enabled are also members of LDAP groups mapped to authentication policies.
An attack is executed by entering a username with different case variations. For example, if a user "jsmith" is configured with 2FA, attackers might log in using "Jsmith" or "jSmith". This causes FortiGate to rely on secondary authentication policies tied to LDAP groups, allowing access with valid LDAP credentials and bypassing 2FA.
Local FortiGate users with 2FA referencing LDAP. Users in LDAP groups configured on FortiGate and used in firewall policies (e.g., for SSL/IPsec VPN or admin access).
A vulnerability in Fortinet FortiGate firewalls, identified as CVE-2020-12812, is actively being exploited by cybercriminals.
Successful exploitation can grant attackers VPN access or elevated privileges without requiring 2FA tokens. Fortinet recommends resetting all credentials, including LDAP/AD binding accounts, and analyzing logs for unusual activity, such as failed local matches followed by LDAP successes.
The vulnerability was addressed in FortiOS versions 6.0.10, 6.2.4, and 6.4.1. However, unpatched or misconfigured devices remain vulnerable to attack.
Administrators are advised to take the following actions:
Patch Firmware : Update to FortiOS 6.0.10+, 6.2.4+, or 6.4.1+ to prevent the failover behavior. Disable Case Sensitivity : For unpatched systems, execute set username-case-sensitivity disable (FortiOS 6.0.10–6.0.12) or set username-sensitivity disable (v6.0.13+, v6.2.10+, v6.4.7+, v7.0.1+) to normalize usernames. Trim LDAP Groups : Remove unnecessary secondary groups from policies to ensure mismatched logins fail. Audit Logs : Investigate authentication events for case-variant login attempts.
Fortinet notes that removing LDAP groups eliminates the risk of bypass for local-only users. The persistence of old vulnerabilities highlights the importance of maintaining secure configurations and conducting regular audits.
Based on reporting by Cyber Security News.
