Cybersecurity

Quantum computing is advancing rapidly, posing potential risks to current cryptographic systems. These systems, essential for ensuring data confidentiality and authenticity, may become vulnerable to quantum attacks. Cryptographic algorithms like RSA and ECC, which underpin internet and financial security, could be compromised in the future.

The concept of “Harvest now, decrypt later” highlights the risk of adversaries collecting encrypted data today, with plans to decrypt it once quantum computing matures. This poses significant threats to sensitive information, including legal documents, medical records, and state secrets. Consequently, preparation for the quantum era is essential.

The Real Risk: Harvest Now, Decrypt Later

Adversaries may already be gathering encrypted data, waiting for quantum capabilities to evolve. This could expose confidential information with severe implications. Governments and regulatory bodies are urging organizations to act promptly, making quantum readiness a business imperative.

Main Threat Areas

• Breaking Encryption – VPNs, PKI, and TLS could become ineffective.
• Regulatory Exposure – Failure to prepare may lead to compliance issues under regulations like GDPR and NIS2.
• Supply Chain Risk – Unprepared vendors could jeopardize entire systems.
• Loss of Trust – Organizations face reputational damage and sanctions if they do not act.

Regulatory Perspective

In August 2024, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) released finalized post-quantum cryptography standards. The European Union has also published a roadmap for Member States to transition. In Israel, guidance has been issued to prepare for the post-quantum era, with financial institutions directed to start their preparations.

This shift is mandatory.

Organizational Preparation

• Map critical cryptography – Identify encryption use in communication, backups, and identity systems.
• Evaluate PQC algorithms – Integrate post-quantum solutions and assess non-compatible systems.
• Strengthen the supply chain – Ensure vendors are “Quantum Ready”.
• Invest in culture and training – Educate employees on the limitations of traditional encryption.
• Track regulations continuously – Stay ahead of evolving requirements.

Shared Priorities of NIST, the EU, and Israel

• Cryptographic Asset Mapping – Essential for any transition plan.
• Awareness and Governance – Leadership accountability emphasized.
• Vendor and Supply Chain Readiness – Vendor management is crucial for readiness.

Organizations are advised to conduct comprehensive assessments of their cybersecurity infrastructures to identify and address any gaps. This includes upgrading outdated systems and implementing advanced encryption frameworks to ensure seamless operations.

Implementing post-quantum cryptography (PQC) solutions and upgrading protocols to TLS 1.3 are recommended steps. These measures, along with strong cross-team collaboration, can help organizations achieve quantum readiness, transforming security into a business advantage.

Conclusion

Quantum computing is on the horizon, and readiness is crucial. Organizations that start preparing now can build stronger encryption, enhance customer trust, and comply with regulatory requirements.

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