The End of The Line: Copper Phone Networks Are Ageing and Some Users Are Paying The Price

By Emma Lewis, bOnline

Telecommunications

The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), which has historically relied on copper phone lines, is increasingly being phased out due to the high maintenance costs and limitations of these aging systems. As telecom infrastructure evolves, service providers are introducing surcharges for customers who continue to use these outdated systems, incentivizing a shift to modern, digital alternatives such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).

Copper Network Challenges

Many of the UK’s copper phone lines have been in place for over a century, leading to a rise in faults and service disruptions. Openreach, the BT-owned company maintaining much of the UK’s telecom infrastructure, reported a 45% increase in major resilience incidents affecting PSTN services in 2023. The maintenance of these aging networks is costly, with spare parts scarce and fewer engineers available to address copper-specific issues.

Transition to Digital Systems

To address these challenges, the UK plans a complete switch-off of copper landlines by the end of January 2027. This transition, originally set for 2025, has been delayed to ensure that critical systems can be safely migrated to newer digital technologies. The preferred alternatives are fibre-based networks and digital voice systems like VoIP, which offer improved call quality, reduced maintenance costs, and better compatibility with modern devices.

VoIP Advantages

VoIP digital phones transmit calls over the internet using encrypted packets, providing superior sound quality and security. These systems are accessible from any device with 4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi, allowing users to make calls from smartphones, tablets, PCs, or laptops. This flexibility is advantageous for individuals who travel or work remotely.

Surcharges and Pricing

As copper networks are phased out, several telecom providers are implementing surcharges for customers who have not yet transitioned to digital systems. These additional charges vary but generally reflect the increased costs of maintaining legacy infrastructure. Some business providers have introduced extra charges of £2 to £4 per month for PSTN or ISDN line rental, while others incorporate these costs into overall price increases.

Consumer Considerations

Consumers still using copper-based phone lines are advised to explore digital alternatives. Contacting providers for information on digital voice services or fibre broadband availability can help reduce monthly bills and improve service quality. Additionally, consumers should inquire about potential financial support or free upgrades, particularly if they are considered vulnerable customers. Key considerations when selecting a provider include:

• Monthly pricing and contract length
• Customer service and feedback
• Equipment or backup power requirements
• Compatibility of alarm or emergency devices

Conclusion

The transition to digital communication systems in the UK is advancing, with a focus on ensuring a smooth, inclusive, and affordable shift for all users. The move away from copper networks aims to enhance service reliability and quality, although careful management of costs and accessibility is essential to prevent undue burdens on consumers, particularly those facing challenges in making the transition.